The Political Philosophy of the Postmodern trend Richard Rorty as a Model and the Islamic political philosophy

Abstract

        The research highlights the concept of political philosophy within the postmodern trend, a concept through which political thought began to exert a direct influence on all spheres of life, both theoretically and practically, This was manifested in the formation of a reformist approach that contributed effectively to changing the fundamental structure of the individual and society, Political philosophy sought to identify the problems facing both the individual and society and then provide solutions and treatments for them, Postmodernism emerged in the 1960s as a reaction to the issues of modernity and as a critique of its central concepts: the self, reason, science, and truth, Rorty is considered one of the most prominent philosophers who contributed to presenting a philosophical vision that played an important role in dispersing the philosophical foundations of the classical liberal concept through his adoption of epistemological relativism and neo-pragmatism, and his emphasis on the interpretive and linguistic dimensions of the political environment, The research also examines his philosophy concerning democracy, liberalism, human rights, and his position on absolute truth, as well as his call for the formation of a flexible political approach based on tolerance, dialogue, non-fanaticism, and recognition of the other, while opposing totalitarian tendencies, In contrast, the research discusses the Islamic political intellectual sphere, which is based on an integrated system of divine laws and values grounded in the moral foundations of revelation and the principle of vicegerency, rather than cultural relativism or individual will. Accordingly, the confrontation between the postmodern trend and Islamic thought raises a fundamental philosophical question concerning the possibility of convergence or conflict between democracy, liberalism, and secularism as modern foundations, and the political and ethical principles upon which Islam relies.