International Economic Sanctions and Their Impact on Iraq after 2003: A Study in Public International Law in Light of the Principles of Justice in Islamic Sharia

Abstract

      This research examines international economic sanctions as a non-military tool used by the international community to pressure states that violate international law , with the aim of maintaining international peace and security . it explains that while these sanctions are approved within the framework of the united nations , particularly by the security council , they are often imposed without sufficient consideration of their humanitarian consequences . the research also discusses the compatibility of economic sanctions with the principles of international law and emphasizes their conflict with the principle of individual responsibility for punishment and the principle of proportionality , which are fundamental pillars of international justice . furthermore , the research presents the position of Islamic law on economic sanctions , explaining that Islamic law is based on achieving justice , preventing injustice , and protecting the innocent . the research also discusses the compatibility of economic sanctions with the principles of international humanitarian law and emphasizes their conflict with the principle of individual responsibility for punishment and the principle of proportionality , which are fundamental pillars of international justice . furthermore , the research presents the position of Islamic law on economic sanctions , explaining that Islamic law is based on achieving justice , preventing injustice , and protecting the innocent . the research concludes that the economic sanctions  imposed on Iraq caused severe humanitarian and economic damage , leading to widespread suffering among civilians without civilians without achieving their stated objectives . this renders them incompatible with the principles of justice in both Islamic law and international law , necessitating their reconsideration according to more equitable humanitarian and legal standards .